Governor-controlled or force feed for oil engines



Dec. 19,1922. 1,439,625. C. V. FITE ET AL.

GOVERNOR CONTROLLED UR FORCE FEED FOR OIL ENGINES.

FILED OCT. I9. I92!- 2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

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Dec. 19, 1922.

c. v. FITE ET AL.

GOVERNOR CONTROLLED 0R FORCE FEED FOR OIL ENGINES.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

FILED OCT. 19. HJZI.

Patented Dec. 19, 1922.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CEPHAS V. FITE AND CHARLES C. CODDINGTON, OF CHARLOTTE, NORTH CAROLINA.

GOVERNOR-CONTROLLED OR FORCE FEED FOR OIL ENGINES.

Application filed October 19, 1921. Serial No. 508,904.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, Cnrrns V. Frrn and CHARLES C. ('onmlvorox, citizens of the United States, residing at Charlotte, in the county of lllecklenburg and State of North Carolina, have invented new and useful lm provements in Governor-Controlled or Force Feed for Oil Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a governor controlled or force feed for oil engines, and one object of the invention is to positively regulate the volume of feed of oil fuel to the combustion chamber of an engine through the medium of an injection pump mechanism having cooperating means for automatieally changing the stroke of the pump iston and the oil, volume and control the 1njected fuel in accordance with the power needed, and also to inject the oil into the combustion chamber of the engine with economy and in the best possible condition for combustion and efficiency in the practical operation of the engine.

The improved governor controlled mechanism is intended for use with any form of engine combustion chamber adapted for heavy hydro-carbon oil or for the injection of the latter oil thereinto, but is particularly intended for application to automobile, motor boat and similar motor vehicle engines.

The invention consists in the construction and arrangement of the several parts which will be more fully hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a governor controlled fuel feed for oil engines rmbodying' the features of the invention and showing part of the frame for supporting the same; i

Fig. 2 illustrates perspective views of an eccentric and retaining means therefor, constituting the essential means under control of a governor for automatically changing the stroke of the pump mechanism and the volume of oil injected by the latter in accordance with the work or load on the engine or motor;

Fig, 3 is a sectional ltltl elevation of the eccentric. cam and shaft organization:

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic view. illustrating in full and dotted lines of dillcrcnt iorms the movements of the adju ta le purl 0f the mechanism.

To a suitable frame 5 that may be a part of an engine or motor adapted for the application of the improvement, or any other suitable supporting means, the improved governor mechanism is applied, the said frame comprising, essentially, an upright arm 6 having an upper horizontal extension 7 with a slide seat 8 formed as a part thereof or secured thereto. The frame ii also in cludes a lower horizontal arm 9 at right angles to the upright arm 6. Projecting outwardly from an intermediate portion of the upright arm 6 is a fulcrum stud ll), and in line with this stud an extension 11 horizontally intersects the said arm, the extension having a terminal arcuate head 12 with :1 segmental slot 13, the walls of which are struck from the center of the stud to. ()n the stud 10 an elbow collar 14 of a bell crank lever 15 is mounted for adjustment, the bell crank lever having an upwardly projecting short arm 16 and an outwardly projecting longer arm 17. Both arms 10 and 17 are fixed to the elbow or fulcrum collar 14 and the bell crank lever 15 as a whole serves as means of adjustment in a mhnner which will be presently explained, the said arm l7 having a stud or analogous device. 18 engaging the slot 13, and the part of this arm 17 extending outwardly beyond the stud 18 is adapted to be provided with manual operating means or a mechanically actuated attachment in the form of a level or other dc- \ice. The means for operating the hell crank lever 15 as a whole through the arm l7 is not conlincd to any particular devicc, it only being necessary for the purposes of the invention to have thc lull crank lcver shifted as may he found necessary in accordanrc with the operation hcrcinz!" plaiucd. ()n the fulcrum stud ll) an actuzm ing lever 19 is pirotully mounted and has a longitudinal slot 2U formcd therein and carries a roller 21 in the end thereof opposite that engaging the stud 10. In thc slot 20 a slidc block 22 is mounted for :uljustinent and has the lower end of a connecting rod or bar 23 pirotally attached thereto and also similarly connected to a slide 24 in the slide scat or guide 8 of the extension T at the uppcr end of the arm 6. Above the slide seat or guide 8 an injcction pump 2? is supported in any suitable manner and formed with a pi-ton.rluunhcr 26 having a vertically disp sed piston 27 rcciprocatiugly mounted and fixed at. its lower end to the slide it. A paeking L2H is applied around the pi ton 2i and also a gland 2H for ohvious non-iealv'ing purposes. Theframeofthepnnipifiisfornied with an upper horizontal extension Iil hav ing therein an oil how or ehaiuhi-r t! in terserting and extending aeross the upper e. treinit) of the piston rhaniher 2h. The piston ehaniher iii and oil hore or rhainlier lit are always in eouununieation. and the ou er endof the oil i ore or rhaniher is formed with :i tiared outlet at. the terminal of the extension l adapted to he ronneeted to the eoinhustion ehainher of an engine The inner terminal of the oil hore r rhauihei' 3t is dianietri ally enlarged. as at 1 and eoinniunieates at its loner portion ulth a douhle heek valve orgmiization eonipri ing a valve ehaniher Il-l. a valve seat Iii and a loner supply nozzle Zhi. whit-h is adapte to he eoni'ieeted to a sourre of fuel supply of heavy l'lytiltl-ttlllHill oil or kerowne. The upper terminal of idle bore 217 of the nozzle is formed with a rahe seat 3 \ith \vhirli a hall eheek valve if? gravitatingly operates. the seat 3:) above the tllt'(l valve 3!! having a bore i l therethrough \vhieh is rontrolled h a hall rhe lr valve it in the \a lve haniher Iii. From this eonstruition it will he seen that there is donhle rherk to return tiow or haek pressure on the oil entering the nozzle 36 from the supply souree. Mounted in the bore :il and extending arross the piston ehaniher 2t) and into the diametrically enlarged portion 33 of the said bore or hanr her il is a spray valve 42 having at one end a eonieal spray head 43 Whieh is seated in the spray outlet 32 and at the opposite end is attaehedtoa plunger \vasheror head ll whieh is located in the enlarged portion 335 of th oil hore or ehaniher 31. and between the plunger head 44 and the ppositie end all of the enlarged portion Illf the oil hore or ehainher ii a spring 45 surrounds the spray valve 42 and operates to restore the latter to normal position nhen relieved of pressure or after said val\e may have been shifted hy the artioi of the piston on the oil. it is ohvious that thespray valve -l2.will he moved and the spray outlet liopenedl)roportionately to th pressure everteii on the head 43 whieh snugly tits the said oi tlet hut has suliieient surf-are exposed in the hore or rhan'iher ll !lll i;\ttllt to the outlet 3:! to produeea prao tiral operation of the valve ii) under pressure of oil brought to hear on the said head. the \alv l2 moving or drifting in its \arious opening positions against the resistain'e ot' the retrartine spring iii. The rear end of [In enlarger! portion Iiii of tile (iii lltll't or rhunihei ll is riosett hr renanahl mien ple play or movement in the up er end of the plug 36. a valve cavity 47 being formed in tl ie plug of which the seat 38 is the base, for the operation of the said valve 39.

The horizontal arm 9 of the frame .3 pro rides suitahle hearing supporting means tor a power shaft 48 having a governor eontrolled or operated shaft -19 ermeentrieally shil'tahle or reeiproeahle therein. the said governor controlled shaft being adapted to have any suitable type of governor applied thereto. as Well understood in the art, and moving in aeeordanee with the speed of the governor. ()n the shaft 48 an eeeentrie 50 is tixed and peripheral-1y engaged by a shiftahle eerentrie strap 51 having a. cam or eain enlargement 52.

Extending transversely through the gov ernor eontrolled shaft -19 and fixed to the latter. and also shiftahle longitudii'ially in a slot 53 extending transversely relatively to the shaft 4*. is a roller shaft 54- having on its outer end a roller :75 lorated in a diagonal slot St: in an operating extension or member 57 of the ereentrie strap 51. as shown by Fig. :5. The funetion'of this roller shaft or rod :34 and roller is to automatically shift the eeeentr e strap 31 on the periphery of the ereentrir St! in aeeordanre with the operation of the governor eontrolling the movement of the shaft it). and vvherelrvi the stroke of the piston 27 will be modified. and also the volume of oil fol-red through the outlet 32 by way of the oil hore or chamber ill will he correspondingly differentiated in aeeordanee with the Work performed, or-the load on the motor. and the speed of operation oi the engine which will he translated to the shaft 49 through the governor mechanism assoeiated with said shaft. The eeeentrir 5a and eeeentrir strap 51 are held in plaee on the shaft 48 by eollars me and Fit). the eollar 50" being peripherally Slotted as at St)", to receive the extension 57.

When the actuating lever 19 ,is horizoir tally disposed. as shown in Fig. l. the piston 27 will reaeh the upward limit of its SiltlhQ when the roller 21 engages the. highest part of the rain 52. the aetuating lever [9 swingin on the fuleruin stud l0 and regularly to lowing the eontoneof the rain from the. highest: to the lowest point and from the eamaround the periphery of the eeeentrie strap 51. the said roller 21 when in engagement with the periphery of the. eeeentrie strap or off the ram 513 causing the piston 21 to more to its lowest. stroke position or lower limit of its stroke. and as the eon nerting rod or liar :33 is pivotallv attaehed to the slide lil eli 22 in the slot lll of the a tuating le\er l and the slide 24,. the vari ou rising and falling movements of the. said arluating lever. due to the roller 21 following the eontour of the rain 52 and the eriphery of the eeeentrie strap Til, will he compensated for. As shown by' Fig. 4, the lever 17 may be adjusted either above or below the horizontal plane shown by Fig. 1, the adjustment thereof above the horizontal plane being indicated by lon and short broken lines 58, and which will result. in a corresponding angular position shown by similar dotted lines 59, and through a link 60 pivoted to the upper end of the short arm 16 of the bell crank lever 15 and to the connecting rod or bar23 above the slide block 22, the said latter slide block will be moved to the left in the slot 20 and correspondingly shiftv the connecting rod or bar 23 a: an angle to-the left at the vertical, and thereby len then'the strokeof the piston 27 and the v0 ume of oil that is indrawn into the injection pump)e25,., this adjustment ofthe several parts ing indicated by long and sho t broken lines similar to the lines 58 and 59, as at 61, 62, 63 and 64. -\Vhen the lever 15 is adjusted to bring the longer arm 17 below a horizontal plane as shown by the short dotted lines 65, and which is carried out through all the parts of the diagram in Fig. 4, the slide block 22 will be adjusted to the right of the vertical or towards the fulcrum stud 10 and correspondingly shift the connecting rod or bar 23 and shorten the stroke of the piston and at the same time reduce the volume of oil drawn into the injection pump 25. The downward strokes of' the piston 27 set up asuction through the piston chamber by way of the enlarged portion 33 of the oil bore or chamber 31 and unseat the valves 41 and 39 in succession and cause the oil to be drawn upwardly through the bore 37 of the nozzle 36 and first enter the velvet chamber 47 and then-to pass through the bore 40 of the valve seat 35 into the valve chamber 34 and from the latter into the said enlarged por tion 33 of the bore 31 to the piston chamber 26. Each u stroke of the piston 27- forces the oil into t e injection pump just specified'in a corresponding direction, and by this means the valves 39 and 41 are firmly forced downwardly into closed position, and the oil is driven out through the bore or chamber 31 and opens the spray valve 42, to effect a spray thereof through the outlet 32 in accordance with the pressure of the piston against the oil, the quantity of oil sprayed through the outlet 32 depending upon the stroke of the piston 27 and at intervals corresponding to the rapidity of reciprocating motion of the piston.

The adjustment of the connecting rod or bar 23 by shifting the slide 22 in the slot 20 of the actuating lever 19 does not modify the stroke of the piston, but simply the volume of the oil drawn into and expelled from the injection pump 25. The stroke of the piston is regulatedautomatically through the movement of the governor 0on trolled shaft 49, which correspondingly moves the rod or shaft 54 and roller so that through the diagonal slot 56 the eccentric strap 51 and rain 52 will be shifted circumferentially of the periphery of the eccentric 50, thereby giving the roller 21 in the end of the actuating lever 15) a different level, or raising and lowering it abovethe horizontal level of the said lever, as shown by the adjustment in Fig. 1. This automatic adjustment of'the eccentric strap 51 and its cam 52 will, as above stated, change the stroke of the piston 27 b varying the throw of the lever 19, and will also regulate the'volume of oil drawn into and expelled from the injection pump 25 in accordance with the work to be performed or the load on the motor.

The improved device may be applied to various types of engines where it is desired to use a heavy hydro-carbon oil as a fuel and to spray the oil into the combustion chamber of the engine in proportion to or in accordance with a predetermined oil charging action of the chamber or cylinder of the engine to which the improved attachment is applied.

l'Vhat is claimed as new is:

1. In a governor controlled or force feed for oil engines of the class specified, the combination of an injection pump having a piston and spray valve and outlet, reciprocating means for the piston, adjustable components connected to the reciprocating means for modifying the length of stroke of the piston andthe volume of oil drawn into and discharged by the pump, and a power shaft having a governor shaft extending therethrough and self-shifting devices cooperating with both shafts for automatically varying the stroke of the iston as well as the volume of oil drawn. into and discharged from the pump in accordance with the load upon the engine to which the pump is attached.

2. In a governor controlled or force feed for oil engines, an injection pump having a valve supply inlet, a spray valve and discharge bore, a piston reciprocatingly mounted in the pump and controlling the indrawiug and discharging of the oil from the pump, an actuating lever for the piston, connecting means between the piston and the actuating lever, adjusting means attached to the connecting means for varying the length of stroke of the piston and the volume of oil drawn into and discharged from the amp; automatically oper ing mechanism including a shiftable cam, eccentric, and a power shaft, and intermediate means between the said mechanism and the connecting means for effecting a reciprocation of the piston of the pum ,in accordance with the high and low pos' ions of the cam.

3. In a device'of the. class specified, an,

injection pump having sprag means and a piston, devices connected to and operating to reciprocate the said piston, adjusting means for the said devices to vary the length of stroke of the piston and the volume of the oil drawn into and discharged from the pump and automatically adjustable cam mechanism associated with the power shaft of the engine and engaged by apart of the reciprocating devices to modify the speed of stroke of the piston and the volume of oil drawn into and discharged from the pump.

In testimony whereof We here hereunto set our hands in presume of two subscribing 15 witnesses.

GEPHAS V. FITE. CHARLES (I. (IODDINGTOX'.

Vlitnesses LEE A. Fonenn, J. Time. BLACKBURN. 

